A Study on Customer Satisfaction with Pantaloons - 3949 Words

A STUDY ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION WITH PANTALOONS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY The Indian Retail Industry is the largest among all the industries ,accounting for over 10 percent of the country’s GDP and around 8 percent of the employment.The Retail Industry in India has come forth as one of the most dynamic and fast paced industries with several players entering the market. Modern retailing has emerged in India in the form of bustling shopping centres,multi-stored malls and large complexes that offer shopping,food and variety of ways of entertainment. This study mainly deals with the customer’s perception towards Pantaloons,which is a retail†¦show more content†¦M.D.Rashid Khan(2008)[3] has undertaken a study on customer perception on the marketing strategies followed by Pantaloons for brand building.This study states that a customer thinks in different ways and this is termed as consumer behaviour.A customer wants to get the full value of his/her money and full satisfaction from the product.If the store succeeds to satisfy the customer,then the store can easily form their brand image.The store should make a good strategy regarding all aspects of business. Puccinelli,Nancy.M.Goodstein,Ronald.c,Grewal (2009)[4] have undertaken a study on customer experience management in retailing:understanding the buying process.This article states that retailers greater understanding of consumers can enhance customer satisfaction and retail performance.This article seeks to enrich the understanding of existing consumer behaviour literature and suggests specific elements of consumer behaviour goals,schema etc that play an important role during various stages of consumer decision process. Ahmad Jamal,Mohammad Al-Mari (2007)[5] have undertaken a study on exploring the effect of self-image congruence and brand preference on satisfaction.This articleShow MoreRelatedStudy of Loyalty Programs1278 Words   |  6 Pagesbase for the study and given an overview of the areas where the research could be done. It has also provided me with the relevant facts. Objective of the study: Study of loyalty programs of Shoppers Stop and Pantaloons. †¢ Are these programs really effective in enhancing the customer experience. †¢ How much profitable does the loyalty programs prove to be, for a customer centric apparel retailer. Most customers hold several loyalty cards of competing retailers. Past studies looking into theRead MoreProject Report on Big Bazaar, Hubli7325 Words   |  30 Pages This project briefly covers the study of marketing in the organization. CHAPTER-2 INTRODUCTION OF THE STUDIES As a part of BBA II year III semester students Archana Shilpa of Karnataka arts College Dharwad, Department of Management Studies, has visited a Big Bazaar it’s a Multinational Company. It is placed in many cities but we did our project in Hubli. We are placed here by our trainee to acquire practical knowledge. We as students of Management Studies are very grateful to the co-ordinatorRead MoreCustomer Satisfaction at Big Bazaar†13098 Words   |  53 PagesCUSTOMER SATISFACTION AT BIG BAZAAR† CERTIFICATE GUIDE CERTIFICATE DECLARATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.INTRODUCTION 2.RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.REVIEW OF LITERATURE 4.PROFILE OF THE COMPANY 5.ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA 6.SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 7.BIBLIOGRAPHY 8.ANNEXURE CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION The word Retail originates from a French-Italian word. Retailer is someone who cutsRead MoreUnderstanding Of Mpm And Measuring Improvement Essay1809 Words   |  8 PagesRESEARCH PROPOSAL Study objective: Understanding of MPM and measuring improvement in store sales . INTRODUCTION Retail enterprise is a kind of commercial enterprise with high level of competition. The success of retail business depends on how fast can a retailer recognize consumer behavior and buying pattern. Retail business must focus on the factor affecting consumer buying pattern and elements that shifts customers buying decision. Store atmospheric attributes (which include shade, lighting fixturesRead MoreBig Bazar Layout1608 Words   |  7 PagesPROJECT TITLE : A study on layout of Big Bazaar,Noida. INTROUCTION: Big Bazaar is a chain of shopping malls in India currently with 29 outlets, owned by the Pantaloon Group. It works on same the economy model as Wal-Mart and has had considerable success in many Indian cities and small towns. The idea was pioneered by entrepreneur Kishore Biyani, the head of Pantaloon Retail India Ltd.Big Bazaar, the flagship retail chain of the Future Group, is on the verge of achieving a unique milestone in theRead MoreRetailing and Big Bazaar12258 Words   |  50 Pages A Project Report on CUSTOMER PREFERENCES IN CHOOSING BIG BAZAAR, RTC ‘X’ ROADS. A Project Report submitted towards the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION By YOUR NAME ROLL NO Under the guidanceRead MoreEasyday Bigbazaar7420 Words   |  30 PagesIntroduction 2. Need of the study 3. Objectives of study 4. Scope of the study 5. Review of Literature 6. Research Methodology 7. Data Analysis and Interpretation 8. Conclusion and Suggestions 9. Reference Bibliography Annexure-Questionnaire DECLARATION I, KARAN VERMA student of B.COM (HON.)(2010-2013) batch studying at DAYALBAGH EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTE AGRA ,declare that the project work entitled on â€Å"CUSTOMER SATISFACTION WITH REFERENCE TO BIG BAZZARRead MoreBig Bazar vs Spencers4184 Words   |  17 Pages[pic] IISE Managerial Economics RESEARCH STUDY ON: GROUP NAME: RAPTORS GROUP MEMBERS: S.Shazan Husain, Pradeep Pandey, Sandeep Maurya, Abhishek Mishra, Anand Awasthi PGDM 1ST YEAR SUBMITTED TO: DR.SHWETA SRIVASTAVA [pic] Acknowledgement We take this opportunity to express our profound gratitude and deep regards to Dr. Shweta Srivastava for her exemplary guidance, monitoring and constant encouragement throughout theRead MoreRetailing in India – Emerging Trends Potentialities2666 Words   |  11 Pagesworlds largest industries exceeding US$ 9 trillion †¢ 47 global fortune companies 25 of Asias top 200 companies are retailers †¢ Dominated by developed countries †¢ US, EU Japan constitute 80% of world retail sales. †¢ Biggest player in India is Pantaloon Retail India Limited. Percentage of Organized Retail USA - 85% Taiwan - 81% Malaysia - 55% Thailand - 40% Brazil - 36% Indonesia - 30% Poland - 20% China - 20% India - 3% Retailing – Indian scenario: The retail sector in India is highly fragmentedRead MoreA Study If the Differentiation Strategies Among Retail Chains8980 Words   |  36 PagesA study of the differentiation strategies among retail chains (Project work towards partial fulfilment of assessment in the subject of Service Marketing) Submitted by: Submitted to: Akshay Vasishtha Dr. Archi Mathur Roll Number - 671 Asst. Professor Semester- V Faculty of Management National Law University, Jodhpur Summer Session (July-November 2011) TABLE OF

Big movie Free Essays

The movie Big which starred Tom Hanks is about a thirteen-year old boy named Josh who wished that he were already an adult after he was refused from one of the rides at a fair because he did not make the height limit. He wakes up one morning to find out that he was already all grown up. He rushes out of the house after scaring his Mom who does not recognize him. We will write a custom essay sample on Big movie or any similar topic only for you Order Now With the help of his friend Billy, he gets a job at a toy company and begins going through the life of an adult. Toward the end of the movie he realizes how much he misses being a kid. He wishes that he were a kid again and returns home to his mother. First of all, Big is a fantasy film. In real life, nobody could grow overnight like what happened to Josh without supernatural intervention like the Zoltar wishing booth which helped Josh make his wish come true. While watching the film one could not but help wonder if Josh might be dreaming. Toward the end of the film, one realizes that the young boy was not dreaming at all when he slowly turns back into the thirteen year old boy right before the eyes of his girlfriend Susan whom he met at the toy company. In spite of it being a fantasy film, the movie which is all about growing up was able to focus on one aspect of adolescence which is getting attracted to the opposite sex which is one reason for Josh’s desire to be all grown up. He becomes attracted to a young girl whom he tries to impress by attempting to get on one of the rides at the fair. Another aspect of adolescence that was featured in the film is the desire of teenagers to free themselves from being a kid and have freedom from their parents. Just to give the impression that he was all grown up Josh lied to his crush when he told her that he was all by himself at the fair. When Josh saw his crush, he got rid of the funny shark hat he was wearing just so he would not look funny in front of his crush which is what teenagers Josh’s age would normally do. Another important aspect of adolescence is the rate by which girls mature compared to that of boys. It’s a known fact that girls mature faster than boys. This was shown in that scene in the film where the grownup Josh brings his girl to his apartment which he shares with Billy. The girl expects to see a man’s room but instead she sees a room full of toys. The girl expects to have Josh make love to her the whole night but they end up jumping up and down on the trampoline. This slow rate of maturation on the part of the boys was also shown in that scene wherein his boss caught Josh playing with one of the toys at a toy exhibit and how Josh and Billy spent the former’s first pay on fun things rather than on more important items like clothes and food. The movie was able to depict the pain of leaving behind childhood things on the part of the boys. In spite of having achieved success in his present position in the toy company, Josh suddenly felt a longing for the days when he was still thirteen years old. The movie shows him going back to his home town where he sort of envies two boys who were playing ball, his crush riding in the car with her boyfriend as well as with her other friends, and his school mates who were having fun with their picture being taken in front of the school. Because of the uncontrollable desire to be thirteen again he explains to his surprised girlfriend that he was a thirteen year old boy trapped in a man’s body. This desire to go back to who he was before reaches its peak when during a presentation he walks out of the room, goes to his hometown and becomes the thirteen year old Josh again after putting in his wish in the Zoltar machine. The movie was able to depict the process of growth when boys, particularly go through the stage of adolescence. This was depicted in that scene when Josh stopped going out with his friend Billy because he wanted to spend more time with his girlfriend especially after he had his taste of first kiss and sex. Josh also discovers the importance of being responsible especially in the performance of one’s job and the use of money. Tom Hanks did justice to the role of Josh who was acting as a kid in man’s body. The actor was able to portray the innocence of Josh as he gradually discovered the things that grownups go through. The movie also had its funny moments too. There was that scene in the company party wherein Josh wore a funny looking tuxedo. As he tasted the food he was acting like a kid who just picks up the food without caring about what the other guests would say. Of course, the scene wherein Susan’s former boyfriend was presenting his new idea for a toy was funny too. While the presentation was going on, Josh was not able to resist the temptation of tinkering with the toy building that was supposed to transform into a robot. Since the movie is about the pains of growing up, counselors may use some scenes from the film for giving advice to troubled teenagers and their parents. For example, there are teenagers who think that they can grow up overnight just like what happened to Josh. Counselors can cite what happened to Josh to explain to them that growing up is a gradual process and is not easy to do. One of the things that growing up involves is giving up things like toys and spending a lot of time with one’s friends and making discoveries in life. To parents who are worried that their thirteen year old son is developing feelings of attraction, the counselor can use the movie to help the parents understand that it is but natural for boys who are as old as Josh to develop those kind of feelings. Sometimes parents are worried that their son or daughter is still acting like a child even though he or she is already a teenager. The movie can help parents understand that sometimes mental age and physical age do not always travel down the road at the same pace as what happened to Josh who still continued like a kid in spite of being aware that he had already become a man. Overall the movie was not only entertaining but educational as well. References Mannheim, Jennifer. (2008). Puberty and Adolescence. Medline Plus. Retrieved from http://www. nlm. nih. gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001950. htm. How to cite Big movie, Papers

Essay in Support of the Electoral College free essay sample

My change of opinion started when learned the details of the origins of the Populist party. Arising in the late 1 9th century, the Populists were a grass- tots political party comprised mostly of discontented southern and western farmers. Among other issues, the Populists were known for two key things: the free, unlimited coinage of silver and public ownership of railroads and communications. (www. Americanization rules. Com/unit/docs/ Popularity. PDF) The Populist party supported candidate James Weaver in the election of 1892.Weaver was only able to gain 22 electoral votes and just over 1 million popular votes, a small piece of the pie but a sizable piece; 22 electoral votes could easily win or lose a presidency, even by todays tankards. Now, back to the main issues supported by the Populists: the free, unlimited coinage of silver and public ownership of railways and communications. In my opinion, these two issues were extremely bad ideas for the nation, especially one generation out of fighting the Civil War. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay in Support of the Electoral College or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Like many things in our system of government, the Electoral College is far from perfect. Many electors decisions are now swayed by what is best for the party or the individual state rather than the nation as a whole. However, the Electoral College is, by my opinion, far better qualified to render a decision on electing the countrys president than the masses. During this last presidential election, l, personally, was appalled by the lack of information voters had, hush causing votes cast without consideration to the repercussions in the management of this nation.It seemed that people only cared about what they were going to get, personally, and not what was best for the nation as a whole. Philosopher John Locke determined that human beings, although equal, are inherently selfish. That is why we have the need to be governed. Without a qualified electoral representative to carefully weigh the important decision on choosing an executive leader, an election could be vulnerable to mob rule, allowing any rabble rouser to take control of the presidency.

Societys Influence on Education Essay Example

Societys Influence on Education Paper The piece is very appealing and convincing to the readers because the words used were simple and clear, the construction of thoughts and Ideas were organized which made It easy to understand, relate and connect to real life situation. It clearly defined what a society Is and how It greatly affects education. Ideas were mostly based on factual, experiences, and observations. Somehow, It overlooked some examples that would expound and elaborate further pollens and Ideas. Citing examples Is an effective way to help readers apprehend its intention and realize how great and influential are personal experiences in a study. Even without extensive research, the author could still make up this article because conceptions of ideas derived directly from our prior knowledge and experiences. For these reasons, it made the readers to react and interact from the article they read. The author shows neutrality about the topic and presents a balanced view about society and education though it overemphasized on how society influences education which is the focus of this piece. This is how complicate to criticize this kind of piece sometimes because both entities are equally Important, Influences and Is dependent to the existence of each other. We will write a custom essay sample on Societys Influence on Education specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Societys Influence on Education specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Societys Influence on Education specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Ill REACTION Basically, Interaction between the article and the reader or (Interaction between the author and the reader) is evident enough that the piece itself was quite interesting. Interesting in the sense that it touches our lives may it directly or indirectly like how we socialize within a group and how we learn from it. After reading, I realized that we play a vital role in society and education. There can be no found society without the interaction of people within it. Meaning, we are the foundation of society and the beginning of educational institution. If society and education are inseparable entities, we are therefore the center of learning process and can never be departed from both. I agree that learning doesnt exist merely inside the four corners of the lassoer but more on the external forces, our environment. What we do, we see and we hear, we learn from It. We are the drive force of our own lives and create values. In creating and upholding our values, there always come societal factors such as customs, traditions and laws which affect of what we are becoming. Like for Instance, In leaning Witt a group you need to consoler Uninominal Territories In order to understand and adjust to the environment. This is because we need to belong in a group, able to interact and learn afterwards. Belongingness and acceptance in a rope or society is as important as society to education. We need to feel that we belonged and accepted in order to continue learning and imparting knowledge to others. Obviously, the people are the institution where learning and education began. In my own point of view, the author intended to confuse the readers whether his piece is one-sided or balanced for us to evaluate critically and comprehensively until we would come up to a conclusion that would support and strengthen our analysis regarding the issue. For me, it is well-balanced because the author never eaves out the concept of education only that he overemphasized how society influences on education. This has not been biased in a reason that the author focused on the subject matter itself to make realization and Justification of the topic. The author even stressed out that Society and education are tightly bound entities and hence cannot be separated from each other. From this statement we can say that there is fairness and equity as to role, importance and impacts of society and education to each other. The difference only is that society has been overemphasized since it is the focus of the issue.

Altering Articles of Association (2,500 words) Essays

Altering Articles of Association (2,500 words) Essays Altering Articles of Association (2,500 words) Essay Altering Articles of Association (2,500 words) Essay Changing Articles of Association ( 2,500 words ) .the power. [ to change the articles of association ] must, like all other powers, be exercised capable to those general rules of jurisprudence and equity which are applicable to all powers conferred on bulks and enabling them to adhere minorities. It must be exercised, non merely in the mode required by jurisprudence, but besides bona fide for the benefit of the company as a whole, and it must non be exceeded. ( per Lindley MR, Allen v Gold Reefs of West Africa Ltd [ 1900 ] 1 CH 656 at 671 ) As the gap citation shows, the tribunals have taken the issue of companies seeking to change their articles of association really earnestly. This reflects the delicate balance that has been striven for, between the rights of a company, or instead of its managers and bulk stockholders, to change its objects, and the demand to move bona fide in the best involvements of the company, which reflects the rules of equity which seek to protect minority stockholders from enduring at the custodies of the larger shareholding co-workers. First, the articles of association themselves must be discussed. Under subdivision 7 of theCompanies Act 1985, commercial organic structures that are seeking to integrate as companies must outline a papers known as the articles of association. This, together with the memoranda of association, will organize the constitutional paperss of the company which, in the instance of limited companies ( which the huge bulk of newly-incorporated companied will be ) , outline the objects, or the intent of the peculiar company. The memoranda of association, pursuant to subdivision 2 of the CA 1985, will incorporate the name of the company ( s2 ( 1 ) ( a ) ) , whether the registered company is to be situated in England and Wales or in Scotland ( s2 ( 1 ) ( B ) ) and the objects of the company ( s2 ( 1 ) ( c ) ) . In the event that the company has a portion capital, the memoranda must besides province, pursuant to subdivision 2 ( 5 ) , the sum of the portion capital and the division of the portion c apital into fixed sums. The memoranda of association is comparatively noncontroversial, peculiarly as most companies adopt a statement of their objects as a general commercial company’ which is permitted under subdivision 3A. This entitles the company to transport on any trade or concern whatever’ , and to make all such things as are incidental or conducive’ to that trade or business’ . The company must besides, nevertheless, outline its articles of association, and here there is more room for contention. This is in big portion due to the more extended function played by articles of association, and hence the increased capacity for maltreatment relating to them, possibly in the involvements of bulk stockholders, for illustration. As has been mentioned, the function of the company’s articles of association is to modulate the company in its internal workings and operation. The articles will cover such countries as the responsibilities and powers of the managers, and behavior and proceedings at board meetings and general meetings. The fact that companies can choose to follow a prescribed set of articles of association should non take away from their importance. Often companies will outline bespoke articles instead than following the general 1s set out at Table A of theCompanies ( Tables A to F ) Regulations 1985, or will follow the Table A articles but with amen dments to do them more suited to the peculiar company. It is easy to see why issues of changing articles of association might come up during the life-time of a company. The size and resources of the company may increase, necessitating a larger figure of managers and members, or the line of trade may change, for illustration. In these cases, proviso is made for changing the company’s articles in subdivision 9 of the CA 1985. This states that subject to the commissariats in this Act and to the conditions contained in its memoranda, a company may by particular declaration alter its articles.’ This, so, is the statutory place. If a company wishes to change its articles of association, it simply needs to go through a particular declaration to that consequence. This means that pursuant to subdivision 369 CA 1985, three-fourthss of the members voting at the general meeting must vote in favor of the change. There is, nevertheless, a 2nd of import provisions even in the statutory place on change of articles of association. This is deserving observing, although the existent consequence is one of common sense more than anything else. It means that amendments to the articles of association can non be made that do them incompatible with other parts of theCompanies Act. An illustration would be a particular declaration to amend the articles of a company in order to do it impossible for stockholders to exert their right under subdivision 303 to take managers. Another illustration relates to segment 16 of the CA 1985. This states that a member of a company is non bound by an change made after the day of the month at which he became a member if the change requires him to take or subscribe for more portions than the figure held by him at the day of the month on which the change was made’ or in any manner increases his liability a at that day of the month to lend to the company’s por tion capital or otherwise wage money to the company.’ Even in the statutory place on this country of commercial jurisprudence, so, we see some of the rules which Lindley MR was elaborating inAllen v Gold Reefs of West Africa Ltd( 1900 ) . Further statutory commissariats associating to changes of articles of association include subdivision 459, which gives a class of action to members of a company who are prejudiced against by an change to the articles. Sections 125 – 129 are concerned with what are known as category rights. This refers to the different rights and powers attaching to different types or categories of portions. Amendments to category rights ( which is done by manner of amendment to the articles ) must be approved by three quarters of the members of the relevant category ( the equivalent of a particular declaration ) . It may look that the gap citation is seeking to restrict the change of companies, and in that it seeks to set up the rules with which any such change must harmonize, it does so. It is more accurate, nevertheless, to state that the government regulating change of articles instead promotes flexibleness. It is non possible, for illustration, for a company to do, either through its constitutional paperss or by manner of a stockholder declaration, its articles inalterable. This can be seen to keep the flexibleness of stockholders to take which action they consider in the best involvements of the company with respect to the articles. In malice of this, nevertheless, in the instance ofRussell v Northern Bank Development Corporation( 1992 ) , a contractual understanding concluded between the stockholders of a company to the consequence that they would vote a certain manner on a declaration to change the company’s articles was held non to be null. This highlights the differentiation be tween a constitutional agreement of a company, and an understanding ( albeit contractual ) between the company’s stockholders. The former can non restrict the change of the company’s articles ; the latter can adhere the members to a peculiar class of action. At this point, it is necessary to separate between the statutory government regulating the change of a company’s articles of association, and the common jurisprudence government. Under theCompanies Act 1985, there is no proviso for disputing the cogency of the change of a company’s articles. As has been mentioned, if the change is incompatible with any portion of the Act, or if it contradicts the memoranda, it will be null. Beyond this, nevertheless, what right does a stockholder, or a group of stockholders, have to dispute an change? Lindley MR’s statement seems to propose that any change must be made in conformity with certain rules of jurisprudence and equity, but where are these to be found if non in the relevant statute law? First and first, it originates from this really statement of Lindley MR. the thought that changes be made bona fide in the involvements of the company as a whole’ is a common jurisprudence rule that originated here. It is hard to abstract the rule of what is, so, in the best involvements of the company. As Slorach and Ellis point out, and as was apparent in the instance ofFoss V Harbottle( 1843 ) , the tribunals have traditionally been really loath to interfere with concern determinations merely on the footing that some stockholders are unhappy with what has been decided. The first determiner of what is bona fide in the best involvements of the company is what the stockholders have voted for. Conventionally, in instances where a bulk of stockholders have voted in favor of a peculiar amendment, and it is simple a few dissatisfied stockholders who do non O.K. , the tribunals have seen this bulk in favor as being an avowal of the amendment’s being in the involvements of the company. This is, nevertheless, of limited usage in set uping the court’s attitude towards changes in general, as needfully, to amend a company’s articles, a particular declaration is required which, of class, is a three-quarters bulk of the members. An exemplifying instance in this country is the 1 from which the gap citation hails ;Allen v Gold Reefs of West Africa Ltd( 1900 ) . Here, the articles of the company in inquiry provided for a lien to be imposed on partially paid portions. As a consequence of one single stockholder owing money to the company, it was resolved to change the articles of the company to let for a lien to be imposed on to the full paid portions in add-on to partially paid portions. This was to be used as a agency of pull outing the money owed by the person. The fact that it was merely an single stockholder who owed money to the company at the clip of the change caused intuition. Despite this intuition, nevertheless, the tribunal decided that it was so in the best involvements of the company to do the change. This was based on the consideration that it was so in the involvements of the company that it should be able to take security for money owing to it. Furthermore, the amended articles did non know apart against the peculiar member. This, so, reflects the willingness of the tribunals to see single instances on their virtues, instead than use the philosophy excessively stiffly in all instances. A 2nd exemplifying instance foregrounding the courts’ attack to amendments of articles of association isShuttleworth V Cox Brothers and Co ( Maidenhead ) Ltd( 1927 ) . The instance concerned a member of the board of the company in inquiry, whom it was believed by the remainder of the board was involved in misconduct. The managers sought to change the articles of the company so as to let the bulk of the managers, if they so wished, to coerce the surrender of the member. The instance was important because it highlighted what the kernel of the trial relating to the change by a company of its articles is ; viz. , whether a sensible individual would come to the decision that the change was in the best involvements of the company. If such a individual could come to that decision, the amendment would be valid. There was besides, nevertheless, an of import caution added. Where it could be proved that the change had been brought about in bad religion, it would still be invalid. This, s o, provides an of import protection to minority and little stockholders against determinations of the bulk that are designed to ache the minority involvement, even if it can be seen that the change would usually be in the best involvements of the company. InShuttleworth V Cox, the tribunal decided both that a sensible individual could so reason that the change was in the best involvements of the company, and besides that the complainant in this peculiar instance could non turn out existent bad religion. The change by the company and its subsequent actions in coercing the remotion of the manager was hence valid. It is an of import characteristic of the courts’ attack to the inquiry of change of company articles that it will non be considered to be in the involvements of the company as a whole if the change in inquiry discriminates against some members. In the above instances, it was held that there was no such favoritism, and this enabled the changes to be valid. InAllen v Gold Reefs, the change in inquiry, although it was a response to a peculiar shareholder’s unbarred debt to the company, was non prejudiced as it applied to all to the full paid portions in the hereafter, whoever owned them. Nor was at that place any favoritism against a peculiar stockholder, or group of stockholders, inShuttleworth V Cox. The altered article in inquiry, once more though it was amended in response to a peculiar state of affairs, would use to all future managers who fell foul of the remainder of the board. These instances, so, can be contrasted with the Commonwealth Australian instance ofAustra lian Fixed Trust Proprietary Ltd v Clyde Industries Ltd( 1959 ) . Here the article in inquiry was altered to do an burdensome demand of a peculiar part of stockholders ; viz. those who were besides unit trust directors. This was held to know apart against a part of the stockholders, and as such, the amendment was nothingness. As assorted observers have pointed out, there is sometimes a really narrow differentiation between what is considered prejudiced and what is non. In the instance ofSidebottom V Kershaw, Leese and Co Ltd( 1920 ) , the company sought to change its articles in order to let for the managers to oblige a stockholder who held an involvement in a viing concern to reassign his portions. The tribunal held this to be a valid change, as it could be moderately considered to be in the best involvements of the company to except rivals from rank of the company. The tribunals, so, have adopted a reasonably consistent attack to the change of articles of association. By and large, it is for the members themselves to make up ones mind when an change is in the best involvements of the company, which they do so by go throughing the particular declaration enabling the change. Bibliography Legislative acts Companies Act 1985 Companies ( Tables A to F ) Regulations 1985 Cases Allen v Gold Reefs of West Africa Ltd [ 1900 ] 1 CH 656 at 671 Australian Fixed Trust Proprietary Ltd v Clyde Industries Ltd ( 1959 ) SR ( NSW ) 33 Foss V Harbottle ( 1843 ) 2 Hare 461 Russell v Northern Bank Development Corporation [ 1992 ] 1 WLR 588 Shuttleworth V Cox Brothers and Co ( Maidenhead ) Ltd [ 1927 ] 2 KB 9 Sidebottom V Kershaw, Leese and Co Ltd [ 1920 ] 1 Ch 154 Secondary beginnings Boyle, A.J. ( 2002 )Minority Shareholders’ Remedies( Cambridge: Cup ) Keenan, D. ( 2005 )Company Law, 13ThursdayEdition ( London: Longman ) Sealy, L. ( 2005 )Cases and Materials in Company Law, 7ThursdayEdition ( London: Butterworths ) Slorach, J.S. and Eliis, J. ( 2005 )Business Law( Oxford: OUP )

Challenges to Infection Control of Hep C, B and HIV

Challenges to Infection Control of Hep C, B and HIV Infection control and cross contamination prevention are imperative to ensuring high quality patient care and quality of life for all patients. In the hemodialysis clinics and hospital units where patients are in end stage renal disease the prevention of infection is of utmost concern as it is directly correlated to lowered morbidity and mortality rates. Blood borne pathogens and bacteria are transmitted through poor infection control practices and lack of cross contamination prevention procedures. To understand the importance of infection control and cross contamination prevention, it is first imperative to understand the risks and consequences of infection transmittal in the hemodialysis unit. The hemodialysis unit is unique in that the procedure allows pathogens to enter the body through access sites, injection sites, and catheterization, all of which increase risk of infection for already ill patients. The following explores the most common concerns in infection transmittal as H epatitis C and B, HIV, and common bacteria found in hemodialysis patients. This is followed by an exploration of methods in infection control, focusing on the procedures of cleaning, sterilization, and disinfection. An examination of staff education and training procedures that impact infection control and patient care follows. The research concludes with a summary and commentary. Research has often compared the incidences of HCV infections in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis in patients, finding that patients undergoing clinical bloodstream invasive hemodialysis procedures have three times higher rates of HCV infections (Horl et al 2004). This is reflective of nosocomial transmission of HCV within the clinical dialysis setting (Horl et al 2004). HCV is transmitted through cross-contamination, occurring through â€Å"blood, shared cannulas, and equipment, and blood transfusions† (Horl et al 2004 p 1390). A comparison of the outcome of hepatitis virus-positive and -negativ e kidney transplant and hemodialysis patients involved 384 kidney transplant patients (67 HBsAg positive, 39 anti-HCV positive, 278 hepatitis negative), transplanted between 1987 and 2001, and 403 hemodialysis patients (128 HBsAg positive, 83 anti-HCV positive, 192 hepatitis negative) who had started hemodialysis and were referred to the kidney transplant waiting list during the same period (Visnja et al 2008). Comparison of the groups’ survival rates, adjusted for patient age, showed that all kidney transplant patients survived longer than hemodialysis patients (p < 0.001) (Visnja et al 2008). Interestingly, HBV infection had a negative impact on patient survival, especially in hemodialysis patients, but HCV infection did not have a significant influence on patient survival (Visnja et al 2008). Thirty-two outpatient hemodialysis providers in the United States voluntarily reported 3699 adverse events to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) during 2006 (Klevens et al 2008). Among the 599 isolates reported, 461 (77%) represented access-associated blood stream infections in patients with central lines, and 138 (23%) were in patients with fistulas or grafts (Klevens et al 2008). The microorganisms most frequently identified were common skin contaminants (e.g., coagulase-negative staphylococci) (Klevens et al 2008). Hepatitis C (HCV) among maintenance hemodialysis patients has limited data on the incidence and prevalence. According to Bennett, Brachman and Jarvis (2007 p 360): â€Å"In 2002, 63% of dialysis centers tested patients for anti-HCV, and 11.5% reported having (symbol) 1 patient who became anti-HCV positive in 2002. The incidence rate in 2002 was 0.34% among centers that tested for anti-HCV, the prevalence of anti-HCV among patients was 7y.8%, a decrease of 25.7% since 1995. In the facilities that tested, the reported incidence was 0.34% and the prevalence3 was 7.8%. Only 11.5% of dialysis facilities reported newly acquired HCV infection among their patients†.

Rhetoric Criticism Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Rhetoric Criticism - Article Example entitled What it Means to be Colored in the Capital of the U.S. at the United Women’s Club, expressing her views about what was happening then. In this speech, Terrell used Aristotelian forensic rhetoric to present her version of injustice towards colored people in order to increase awareness to their rights and to acquire them. According to Aristotle, forensic rhetoric uses facts to attack or defend, making the audience a judge of what has been done in the past. In Terrell’s speech, she talks about various challenges she has been through as a colored woman and the experiences of others as well in order to show the injustices committed against colored men. She begins with the instances that happened to her or those which she observed and considered to be most possible in her condition as a Black woman. She mentions that there is no other race treated as the Blacks, who may walk the streets to the White House without being fed or accepted in a house, hotel or restaurant. She exposes that even if one has money to buy food or pay for a decent room to stay for the night, if that person is Black, he would not be entertained at all. In a rather ironic tone, Terell points out that even if she were to enter the house of God where color and culture should not be a problem or where love and equality should be most evident, she, as a colored person, would not be given a welcoming reception as expected. This shows that even the very persons who proclaim equality and love, can be void of what they preach when it comes to colored people and the speaker considers this as an injustice. Concerning work, America has always been perceived as a land of promise because of its vast lands and various opportunities. However, to the Blacks, it is not so. According to Terell, there are many able and qualified Black men and women who are highly qualified to do white collar jobs. Nevertheless, color seems to be a hindrance to them. The writer speaks further about this issue by presenting the experience of a young woman who was a rising literary star. She applied to work as stenographer at a company and proving herself to be the best candidate for the job; she was invited in for the interview. Contrary to what the young Black woman expected, she was not given the job because of her color and instead, she was advised to do menial work as that is what the society expects from colored people. Such are the facts Terrell knew about a colored man’s life which she expressed in a compelling manner. â€Å"Her speech isn't as long as others, but it is effective in getting her message across, that there is an abundance of prejudice in America† (Johnston, 2001). She did not merely state examples of injustices that happened to her or a handful of her people but includes the whole community of Black people regardless of their economic status, religion, education and views. Terell used the Association theory by expounding on a specific experience of one person before proceeding to include others in her discussion. For instance, after mentioning the highly qualified applicant who was not given the job of a stenographer, she goes on to speak on a general note, including all the colored women in her discussion of employment opportunities. She says that Black women are not given the fair chance to get employment

Youth work as a profession Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Youth work as a profession - Essay Example According to MacDonald (2011, p. 427), a large section of the youths are not engaged in gainful employment or in mainstream income-generating activities. This situation has largely been attributed to lack or inappropriate youth policies in many countries, as well as poor implementation of youth policies. It is against this background that it is critical to have a closer look at the existing and past youth policies. More importantly, it is crucial to explore topics that relate to youth and policy and ultimately come up with sound and practical solutions to the challenges bedeviling youths of particular countries and the world at large (Chambers and Lake, 2002, p. 5). In order to create a better understanding of the youth and policy, this paper will discuss the topic of youth employment. Particularly, it will explore employment of youth and the policies surrounding employment, as well as entrepreneurship as a form of youth employment. A number of studies have shown that one of the main challenges facing the world is youth unemployment. That is why reducing youth unemployment is one of the primary concerns of most governments in the world (Chigunta, 2002, p. 18). The International Labor Organization (ILO) estimates that about 90 million young people across the world are unemployed; this accounts for about 50 percent of 186 million unemployed people in the world (Oliver and Pitt, 2011). A recent study conducted by the ILO found out that youth are three and half times more likely to be unemployed than adults. The study also approximated that about 660 million young people will be looking for work or working in 2015, this is a 7.5 percent increase over the 2003 figure (ILO, 2005). Undoubtedly, these figures demonstrate the need for employment creation that focuses on youth. Chambers and Lake (2002, p. 7) note that participation of young people in the labor market is widely considered as a means of improving their social and economic transition

Christianity in the Roman empire Essay Example for Free

Christianity in the Roman empire Essay The Ancient Romans were polytheistic, thus believed in pagan gods and worshipped idols. After some time, a new religion called Christianity rose among the people of Judea. However, as soon as it appeared the Romans started to persecute Christians for not worshipping the emperor and for refusing to go to the army. Even though Christians were persecuted, the religion spread around the Roman Empire at a glance. This was due to the road system in Rome, the common languages spoken by the people, to the fact that anyone could convert to Christianity and finally that it was impossible to destroy an idea. The Roman Empire had an amazing road system which bonded the gigantic empire. When Christianity appeared, the idea of the religion traveled quickly due to the roads that led to Rome. In a few days Romans knew what and where was everything happening. If it wasnt for the roads Christianity wouldnt have spread so quickly. However due to the Roman road system it did. The roads not only unified the whole empire but also contributed into spreading the new religion around it. However if it wasnt for the Latin language, the Christian ideas wouldnt spread that fast. The Latin language was one the major bonds of the Roman Empire. In addition it played a huge role in spreading of Christianity. Everyone in Rome spoke one official language. So the success of Christianity was also due to the common language Latin. Finally, the road system helped a lot with the spreading of Christianity, however without the common language, Latin; it would never spread as fast. One of the things Jesus wanted to change in Judaism was the conversion rules.  He didnt like the fact that people had to do a lot of things in order to become Jewish. Jews didnt want people to convert to their religion that is why they made the rules harsh. Jesus on the other hand tried to simplify Judaism and later it became known as a separate religion Christianity. What was interesting in Christianity is that fact that anyone could become a Christian, no matter what they did, where they lived or who they were. Christianity spread because of its appeal to those who led hard lives. It gave a sense of community and fellowship to the people. There were no class distinctions or sex differences in the religion. Christians believed that in G-ds eyes everyone was the same. When people all around the empire heard about these ideas they were interested, because they were new and unique, and that is why thousands of them converted to Christianity. However when there were too many people joining Christians, The Romans became very angry because now they couldnt unite every one in the empire by worshipping the emperor. And now Christians come along and they ruined all of their plans of bonding the empire. The Romans started to persecute Christians all over the empire. By persecuting Christians they made the religion stronger because people saw others who were willing to die for a religion. Even though Christians persecutions were sporadic and evil they couldnt wipe out all the Christians, that is why the idea continued to grow. The religion spread mainly due to the fact that Christians were martyrs, the idea that people were killed for their beliefs made the religion more attractive for others; it must have been something special to die for, so people followed it and Christianity spread. An idea is a seed that was buried deep inside the ground by someone. No one is able to see it; it doesnt stand on someones way because it is deep inside the ground and impossible to see. The seed is strong because it is unified. However time makes it grow and develop, and break through ground to show up outside the earth to see the sun. The sun gives it energy and it continues to grow it becomes strong, powerful and big. But as soon as it starts to develop new ideas attend the people on that plant and new branches develop, making the plant bigger and bigger, until it starts to annoy someone. That someone sees lots of people following the idea  and they start to persecute in order to destroy everything on their way, everything they can see! They cut off the new ideas, torture the plant but they can not destroy the roots, the concept, the idea because it continues to live deep inside the ground. The Romans saw a beautiful plant, Christianity that was blooming and growing and developing. They wanted to unite all the Romans by worshipping the emperor. However Christianity started to grow their own plant and refused to worship the emperor or go to the army. This made Romans angry and they started to persecute Christians, they wanted to destroy their plant. By persecuting one Christian, others that shared the same beliefs and views on the world, tried to help him, maybe they did not succeed but more and more people joined to help Christians, who were tortured by the Romans, people that were tired and knew that were going to die anyway joined Christians to pay off to the Romans, they wanted to revenge. In addition Christianity gave hopes for the people that were tired of the Roman control. Thousand people joined, thus it united people and made them stronger. Even though millions were killed there were others that joined and the idea was never destroyed. For the Romans and for everyone it seemed that Christianity was already dead, but no, the roots were still alive. Christianity was like an iceberg, the Romans destroyed everything they saw but not the idea, not the roots! The roots continued to grow inside and they became strong and united deep inside the ground where no one could see them. Finally, Christianity survived and dominated the Roman Empire because everyone could easily become a Christian, the news traveled really fast in the Roman Empire and it was impossible to destroy a unique idea. To conclude Christianity succeeded because it gave the people of Rome who were tired of the instability, hope. Moreover Romans didnt really care what Christians believed in, Roman government was instable and they needed scapegoats, who were extreme with their opinions and were ruining the stability of the Roman Empire, such as Christians.

Causes of the Easter Uprising Essays -- Essays Papers

Causes of the Easter Uprising In the mid 1800s the course of Irish history was changed forever. The Irish were devastated by The Great Potato Famine of the mid to late 1800s. Population declined from over eight million people in 1840 to under 4.5 million in 1900 due to death and immigration (O’Rourke 2). The poorer Irish people, unlike many British citizens, relied almost entirely on agriculture. The Irish immigration not only affected Ireland and Britain, but its affects were felt over much of the world, including the United States. The famine had a significant effect on the future of Irish history including Home Rule legislation, The Easter Uprising of 1916, and the eventual creation of an Irish free state in the early twentieth century. In the early 1900s, Irish nationalists were fed up with the British rule that had dominated Ireland since its existence. The Irish in this situation closely resemble the American Colonists prior to the American Revolution. The Irish felt as if the British did not represent them well and they wanted to run their own country and govern themselves. There were many small rebellions and confrontations between some Irish citizens and the British army all throughout Ireland’s history with the purpose of lowering the morale of British troops that occupied Ireland, or in rebellion to specific actions by the British. However, there never was any organized uprising with a goal of completely eliminating the British like the Easter Uprising in 1916. Irish nationalists planned to take Dublin and all of Ireland by force and rid themselves of the British. On the morning of Monday April 24, 1916, the day after Easter, a force between 1,000 and 1,500 men and women began a rebellion that they hope... ...e uprising had on the young Irish nationalists. Both Connolly and Pearse were strong leaders that were well respected and influenced many of the men that they worked with in the uprising. Though Eamon de Valera was an extremely powerful speaker and tremendous leader, he still received all of his early guidance from the leaders of the uprising. The Easter Uprising is one event that can be attributed to Ireland starting down the path of independence and self-government. The efforts and deaths of those involved seemed to show the defeat of the rebellion, but the ensuing support for the revolution that followed showed that the uprising was an overwhelming success. Today those men and women who gave their lives in the Easter Uprising as well as all the other efforts and rebellions that led to the formation of the Irish Free State are regarded to as national heroes.

Positive Reinforcement

Brittney Tutton Southwestern Illinois College Abstract This study is based on the effect of positive reinforcement on exercising more regularly. I wanted to try and exercise at least 30min – 1 hr everyday within one weeks period of time. In trying to do so I used positive reinforcement to increase to time I used to exercise more each day. I studied myself for this case and I am a 21 year old female who attends Southwestern Illinois College. Over a seven day baseline period I noted that I never exercised at all, unless you count the time token to walk to y car and or from one class to the next.Over the seven day treatment period I exercised more being that I couldn't watch TV unless I completed at least 30mins of exercise. So if I wanted to watch an hour of TV I had to exercise at least 30mins and this was very successful for me. The use of positive reinforcement in this study was easiest for me and worked to help me exercise more. In the future when applying behavior modificat ion to help me exercise more I may try something different to help me increase the timed used to exercise daily.Instead of using a privilege as a reward I can switch it up and use something I really want, such as a new pair of shoes as a positive reinforcement to continue to get me to exercise more regularly each day. Keywords: positive reinforcement, baseline period, treatment period, behavior modification For my behavior modification project, I wanted to increase how much I exercised. My goal was to exercise at least 5 days a week for at least 30mins a day. The reason I chose exercising for this project is because I believe it's something I needed to do ore of to stay healthy and fit.The reasons I think I have trouble exercising regularly is 1) I am so busy with school and school work, I made myself believe I didn't have time to. 2) I procrastinate a lot and would always put it off for later and end up never doing it at all. I plan on using positive reinforcement to increase how m uch I exercise daily. My short term goal is to exercise at least 5days a week for at least 30mins long. My long term goal is to increase the time spent exercising each day from 30mins to 1 hour long and to start eating healthier as well. MethodsMy operational definition for my target behavior is exercising more, to exercise at least 30mins a day. Positive Reinforcement will be my treatment. Whenever I want to watch television I have to complete 30mins of exercise. I will use positive reinforcement by rewarding myself 1 hr of television if I exercise for 30mins. Procedurel For 2weeks I collected data for this study. For 7 days I collected data before I used behavior modification to change my non exercising habit. For another 7 days I collected data in the treatment phase where I started using positive reinforcement henever I exercised.Baseline phase. During the 7 day baseline phase I recorded how much I did or didn't exercise each day. I did not reward myself for exercising and I did n't punish myselt tor not exercising at all. I wrote down and kept track in my notebook how much I did or didn't exercise each day. Treatment phase. During the 7 day treatment phase, I rewarded myself 1 hour of television if I exercised for at least 30mins. Results During the baseline phase I spent zero minutes exercising a day. I did not exercise at all. During the treatment phase I exercised an average of 45min a day.I met my goal of exercising more regularly at a minimum of at least 30mins a day. Summary During the treatment phase of this study I met my goal of exercising more every day for a minimum of 30mins by using positive reinforcement. I plan on continuing this and using positive reinforcement to help me exercise more each day and increase my time spent exercising. I also would like to try to start eating healthier to lose weight and I will use positive reinforcement to do so. I am going to try new rein forcers for exercising more and eating healthy, such as a pair of new shoes when I reach my oal.

Manegerial Rolls and Skills

Answer. To meet the many demands of performing their functions, managers assume multiple roles. Henry mintzberg has identified ten roles common to the work of all managers. The ten roles are divided into three groups: interpersonal, informational, and decisional. The informational roles link all managerial work together. The interpersonal roles ensure that information is provided. The decisional roles make significant use of the information. The performance of managerial roles and the requirements of these roles can be played at different times by the same manager and to different degrees depending on the level and function of management. The ten roles are described individually, but they form an integrated whole. The idea of a role comes from sociology and is the pattern of actions expected of a person in his activities involving others. It arises as a result of the position that he occupies in a group in a given situation. Thus, a manager who occupies different positions in different situations plays different roles because people in each situation have different expectations of him concerning his functions. Interpersonal Roles: The three interpersonal roles are primarily concerned with interpersonal relationships. In the figurehead role, the manager represents the organization in all matters of formality. The top-level manager represents the company legally and socially to those outside of the organization. The Informational Role: The direct relationships with people in the interpersonal roles place the manager in a unique position to get information. Thus, the three informational roles are primarily concerned with the information aspects of managerial work. The Decisional Role: The unique access to information places the manager at the centre of organizational decision-making. There are four decisional roles. In the entrepreneur role, the manager initiates change. Q. 4 What are the factors influencing perception? † question. The assignment question is written for SMU MBA MB0038 assignment. We already have shared some solved assignments for MB0038 – Classification of Personality Types of Myers and Briggs and Methods of Shaping Behavior. Answer. Factors Influencing Perception: A number of factors operate to shape and sometimes distort perception. These factors can reside: 1)In the perceiver ) In the object or target being perceived or 3) In the context of the situation in which the perception is made 1. Characteristics of the perceiver: Several characteristics of the perceiver can affect perception. When an individual looks at a target and attempts to interpret what he or she stands for, that interpretation is heavily influenced by personal characteristics of the individual perceiver. The major characteristics of the perceiver influencing percep tion are: a) Attitudes: The perceiver’s attitudes affect perception. This attitude will doubtless affect his perceptions of the female candidates he interviews. b) Moods: Moods can have a strong influence on the way we perceive someone. We think differently when we are happy than we do when we are depressed. c) Motives: Unsatisfied needs or motives stimulate individuals and may exert a strong influence on their perceptions. d) Self-Concept: Another factor that can affect social perception is the perceiver’s self-concept. An individual with a positive self-concept tends to notice positive attributes in another person. ) Interest: The focus of our attention appears to be influenced by our interests. Because our individual interest differs considerably, what one person notices in a situation can differ from what others perceive. f) Cognitive Structure: Cognitive Structure, an individual’s pattern of thinking, also affects perception. Some people have a tendency to perceive physical traits, such as height, weight, and appearances more readil y. g) Expectations: Finally, expectations can distort your perceptions in that you will see what you expect to see. The research findings of the study conducted by Sheldon S Zalkind and Timothy W Costello on some specific characteristics of the perceiver reveal knowing oneself makes it easier to see others accurately. One’s own characteristics affect the characteristics one is likely to see in others. People who accept themselves are more likely to be able to see favourable aspects of other people. Accuracy in perceiving others is not a single skill. These four characteristics greatly influence how a person perceives others in the environmental situation.

American Association of Medical Assistants Essays

American Association of Medical Assistants Essays American Association of Medical Assistants Essay American Association of Medical Assistants Essay home to the association’s charter meeting in 1956. The Keynote Speaker was AAMA Founding Member Alice Budny, AAMA President (1963). Fifteen AAMA Past Presidents were introduced to the 50th House of Delegates. AAMA Founding Members Roberta Antrim, CMA-AC, MHR, and Sylvia Klotz, CMA-C, also were presented to the House of Delegates. A slide presentation of the past 50 years of AAMA activities was prepared and presented by Mary Lou Allison, CMA-C, AAMA Past President (1992). The President and Vice President were authorized to represent AAMA as exhibitors at the 2009 annual meeting of the Professional Association of Health Care Office Management (PAHCOM). Local temporary workers were used to staff CE sessions at the Annual Conference. CE sessions were authorized to be added on Saturdays of the Annual Conference. Eliminated the responsibility of the Conference Chair and Committee to find entertainment for the Cocktail reception. The planned tours for the Annual Conference were eliminated. The Maxine Williams Scholarship application was revised. Executive Director Donald Balasa represented the AAMA at the December 2008 Conference on Practice Improvement: Blueprint for the Medical Home, sponsored by the American Academy of Family Physicians and the Society of Teachers of Family Medicine in Savannah, Ga. AAMA joined the Patient-Centered Primary Care Collaboration (PCPCC). Executive Director Donald Balsa participated in a webinar titled â€Å"Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH)- What is it? Why is it important to employers? Executive Director Donald Balasa attended the PCPCC stakeholders’ working group meeting, â€Å"Public and Private Initiatives: Advancing the Patient-Centered Medical Home† in Washington, D. C. Legal Counsel Balasa’s public affairs articles from past issues of CMA Today and a link to the new scope of practice were posted on the website of the American College of Physicia ns. Executive Director Donald Balasa’s article titled â€Å"The CMA (AAMA): An Invaluable Asset for the Practice Office† was posted on the American Academy of Pediatrics â€Å"Practice Management Online (PMO)† section of its website. Scope of Practice information was posted on the AAMA website under the Employers section. Executive Director Donald Balasa served on a task force to revise the ASRT Limited X-Ray Machine Operator (LXMO) Curriculum as a result of his involvement with the Alliance for Quality Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy. Executive Director Donald Balasa and Betty Springer drafted a letter to the American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) about the important role of the CMA (AAMA) in providing affordable and accessible health care for all Americans, including seniors. AAMA Past President Cheryl Vineyard corrected inaccurate representation of CMAs (AAMA) in a previous issue of the Health Care Careers e-Letter. The Continuing Education Board (CEB) celebrated the release of the new e-Learning Center, which offers constant online access to continuing education. 2007 AAMA successfully defended â€Å"Certified Medical Assistant ®Ã¢â‚¬  trademark registration in a lawsuit brought by American Medical Technologists (AMT). The annual meeting name was officially changed from convention to conference. The contract with the American Academy of Professional Coders was renewed for five years. The Telemedicine Task Force was appointed to investigate the possibility and/or feasibility of integrating CMAs into a federal program that renders care via telemedicine to remote Inuit villages in Alaska. Funds were allocated for the AAMA President and Vice President to represent AAMA at the annual meeting of the Professional Association of Health Care Office Management. The Surveyor Training Fund was renamed the Ivy Reade Relkin Surveyor Training Fund. 2008 Effective January 1, 2008, the credential changed from Certified Medical Assistant or CMA to Certified Medical Assistant (AAMA) or CMA (AAMA). The Curriculum Review Board (CRB) of the AAMA Endowment was officially renamed the Medical Assisting Education Review Board (MAERB ). The 2003 AAMA Role Delineation Study: Occupational Analysis of the Medical Assisting Profession was updated to the 2007–2008 Occupational Analysis of the CMA (AAMA) and published in April 2008. The Oklahoma Medical Assistants Society reorganized and submitted bylaws. At the 2008 Annual Conference, the state society received a new charter. The Advanced Practice of Medical Assisting (2004) was revised by the Continuing Education Board. 009 Computer-based testing for the CMA (AAMA) Certification/ Recertification Examination began January 5, 2009. The Telemedicine Task Force was dissolved. 2010 The BOT completed their third year of traveling meetings. The February 2010 BOT meeting took place in Orlando, Fla. The June 2010 meeting was held in Richmond,Va. Executive Director Balasa analyzed â€Å"The increasing role for the medical assistants in smal l primary care physician practice: Key issues and policy implications† from the Center for the Health Professions at the University of California, San Francisco. Executive Director Balasa represented the AAMA on an April 27 conference call of the Alliance for Quality Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy, supporting the CARE (Consistency, Accuracy, Responsibility, and Excellence in Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy) Bill as it moved through the legislative process. Legal Counsel Balasa copresented â€Å"The New Haven Firefighter Decision: What Impact Will It Have? † at the April 2010 Annual Association Law Symposium in Chicago. The March/April issue of CMA Today was printed on a 30 percent postconsumer waste sheet as part of AAMA’s initiative to help protect the environment. Legal Counsel Balasa responded to right-to-practice questions and issues from 14 states either via phone, phone conference, or e-mail. The BOT established a technology reserve fund to upgrade database software, redesign the website, and enable e-business functionality. The BOT granted AAMA affiliation to the Hawaii State Society. AAMA logo apparel and gear to brand the AAMA became available through mail order. The BOT approved the development of a social media plan. The AAMA launched a Facebook page in September 2010, and reached 5,000 group members in March 2011. Executive Director Balasa assisted the AMA Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs in updating and modernizing the Code of Medical Ethics in American Medical Associations. Executive Director Balasa attended the PCPCC stakeholders’ working group meeting â€Å"The PCMH in the Community† on July 22 in Washington, D. C. The National Benefits and Financial Services Administration became the new group insurance vendor for AAMA members. President Boni Buntz, CMA-A (AAMA), Immediate Past President Kathryn Panagiotacos, CMA (AAMA), and Vice President Betty Springer, CMA (AMMA) attended the September 2010 annual Professional Association of Health Care Office Management (PAHCOM) conference as exhibitors. In August 2010, Executive Director Balasa’s Legal Eye: On Medical Assisting blog launched. Past National Presidents 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 **Maxine Williams, CMA-A (AAMA) Mary E. Kinn, CMA-A (AAMA), CPS *Lucille T. Swearingen *Marian Little Bettye Fisher Baldwin *Lillie Woods Alice F. Budny Judy Coleman, CMA-AC (AAMA) *Rose M. Merritt *Marge Slaymaker Elvera M. Fischer, RN, CMA-C (AAMA) Margaret Swank Webber, CMA-C (AAMA) *Mildred R. Crawford, CMA-AC (AAMA) *Ruth H. Dize *Marie Young *Helen Stephens Elisabeth Massey, CMA-AC (AAMA) Marian G. Cooper, CMA-C (AAMA) Betty Lou Willey, CMA-AC (AAMA) Laura Lockhart Haynes, CMA-AC (AAMA) Joan C. Michaels, CMA-A (AAMA) *Jeanne Green Bloom, CMA-A (AAMA) *Wini A. Schwartz, CMA-AC (AAMA) *Jean Mobley, CMA-AC (AAMA) Dot M. Sellars, CMA-A (AAMA) Mabel Ann Veech, CMA-A (AAMA) *Betty J. Mays, CMA-A (AAMA) Kansas California Oklahoma Iowa Indiana California Wisconsin Texas Georgia Kansas Illinois Ohio Texas Virginia Indiana Utah California Pennsylvania Michigan Ohio North Carolina Iowa California Texas Virginia Florida Arizona 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Janet M. Hensinger Connell, CMA-A (AAMA) Ivy Reade Relkin, CMA-AC (AAMA), BSEd *Margaret Corcoran, CMA-AC (AAMA) Josephine M. Estrada, RN, CMA-AC (AAMA) Ann M. Jordana, CMA-AC (AAMA), RT Barbara E. Parker, CMA-AC (AAMA), CCS-P Juanita M. Blocker, CMA-C (AAMA), LPN Jean E. Keenon, MAEd, CMA-A (AAMA) Mary Lou Allison, CMA-C (AAMA) Janice C. Caplan, CMA-A (AAMA) Geneva H. Straughan, MBA, CMA-A (AAMA) Cheryl A. Vineyard, CMA (AAMA), CPC, BUS Ima L. Backstrom, CMA (AAMA) Carol S. Clapp, CMA (AAMA), EMT, CPC Norma J. Parker, CMA (AAMA) Glenda C. Cartee, CMA (AAMA) Joyce Y. Nakano, CMA-A (AAMA), BA Mary L. Dey, CMA-AC (AAMA) Julianna S. Drumheller, CMA (AAMA) Luella F. Wetherbee, CMA (AAMA), CPC Theresa A. Rieger, CMA (AAMA), CPC Lee F. Damon, CMA (AAMA) Mary C. Dyer, CMA-A (AAMA) Rebecca L. Walker, CMA (AAMA), CPC Linda A. Brown, CMA (AAMA) Kathryn Panagiotacos, CMA (AAMA) Boni Buntz, CMA-A (AAMA) Kentucky New York New Jersey Texas Florida Washington Alabama Alabama Florida New York Texas New Mexico Arizona Tennessee Nebraska South Carolina California Michigan Virginia Idaho Oklahoma New York Texas North Carolina New Jersey Florida Colorado *Indicates deceased. **Maxine Williams, CMA-A (AAMA) and *Carmen Kline, CMA-A (AAMA), co-chaired the founding meeting of the AAMA in 1955. Note: Italics indicate name changes after presidency. Also, the state in which the person resided at the time of presidency is indicated. Life Members 1967 1976 1976 1981 1982 1983 1992 1993 Mary E. Kinn, CMA-A (AAMA), CPS *Maxine Williams, CMA-A (AAMA) *Carmen Kline, CMA-A (AAMA) Marian G. Cooper, CMA-C (AAMA) *Mildred R. Crawford, CMA-AC (AAMA) *Lucille Swearingen Laura Lockhart Haynes, CMA-AC (AAMA) Ivy Reade Relkin, CMA-AC (AAMA), BSEd 1995 1996 2000 2003 2005 2006 2009 Josephine M. Estrada, RN, CMA-AC (AAMA) Jean E. Keenon, MAEd, CMA-A (AAMA) Crystal Coleman, CMA-AC (AAMA) Ann M. Jordana, CMA-AC (AAMA), RT Glenda C. Cartee, CMA (AAMA) Mary Lou Allison, CMA-C (AAMA) Janice C. Caplan, CMA-A (AAMA) *Indicates deceased. Note: Italics indicate name changes after presidency. AAMA Annual Conferences 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th 21st 22nd 23rd 24th 25th 26th 27th San Francisco, Calif. Chicago, Ill. Philadelphia, Pa. Reno, Nev. Dallas, Texas Detroit, Mich. Miami Beach, Fla. Oklahoma City, Okla. New York City, N. Y. St. Louis, Mo. Los Angeles, Calif. Columbus, Ohio Honolulu, Hawaii Des Moines, Iowa Atlanta, Ga. Phoenix, Ariz. Washington, D. C. Denver, Colo. Louisville, Ky. Chicago, Ill. San Francisco, Calif. Boston, Mass. New Orleans, La. Kansas City, Kan. Milwaukee, Wis. Houston, Texas New York City, N. Y. 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 28th 29th 30th 31st 32nd 33rd 34th 35th 36th 37th 38th 39th 40th 41st 42nd 43rd 44th 45th 46th 47th 48th 49th 50th 51st 52nd 53rd 54th Portland, Ore. Lexington, Ky. Chicago, Ill. Chicago, Ill. Richmond,Va. Charleston, S. C. Los Angeles, Calif. Pittsburgh, Pa. Seattle, Wash. Indianapolis, Ind. Orlando, Fla. San Antonio, Texas Philadelphia, Pa. Minneapolis, Minn. Columbus, Ohio Nashville, Tenn. Albuquerque, N. M. Buffalo, N. Y. Portland, Ore. Detroit, Mich. Greensboro, N. C. Colorado Springs, Colo. Milwaukee, Wis. Louisville, Ky. Chicago, Ill. Houston, Texas Lake Buena Vista, Fla. website: www. aama-ntl. org

The Illinois Supreme Courts Health Care Ruling Assignment

The Illinois Supreme Courts Health Care Ruling - Assignment Example Many retirees, especially those with many dependants cannot afford high-quality healthcare after retiring. The new reform in the constitution will be helpful to them. By implementing the changes, the government claims that it is fulfilling its obligation of protecting its citizens. It is the government’s obligation to protect the health and safety of its people. The state government officials also claim that the implementation of the new reforms may increase the government spending. However, it is a long-term solution to the problems facing the pension systems (Plume 1). Some people claim that the new reform will have more harm than benefits to the economy of the state (Job 1). They claim that the new pension system will increase the cost of living for citizens in Illinois. This is because the pension plan will increase pressure on the government budget. As result, the government will respond by increasing taxation that will, in turn, increase inflation rate. Others also claim that the new reforms do not effectively address the pension problems previously experienced by state workers. For instance, in the year 2012 retires complain of delayed pension. According to critics of the new ruling, including free healthcare in the pension system will only make the problem worse (Job 1). This is because the pension problem was caused by underfunding of the Illinois retirement system. They think that instead of including free healthcare in the system, the government should focus on improving the funds of the existing retirement system. In addition, they claim that the new system will lead to the increase in the monthly premiums of state workers in order to compensate for the free healthcare after retirement. Instead of protecting workers, the critics claim that the ruling will make their lives more difficult. This will worsen the premium issue that was facing the government the previous year (Olsen 1). The new court ruling is an effective way of protecting and improving the lives of retirees in the state.  Ã‚  

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY & PROSPECTUS Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

& PROSPECTUS - Annotated Bibliography Example Certain theorists and researchers consider that the problem is related to the personal characteristics of children/ adolescents. Others state that it is mainly the environment, social – including family – and political, that negatively influences the behavior of children/ adolescents within educational settings. At the same time, children/ adolescents with specific habits, such as the participation in video-games that include violent scenes, who are more likely to use violence when they feel that their interests are threatened. Current paper is expected to contribute in understanding the actual causes of violence in schools. Particular emphasis has been given on the relationship between violence and specific social, political and economic conditions. The role of family, as a factor initiating the use of violence, is also reviewed. The paper offers analytical explanations not only on the aspects and the causes of violence in schools, but also on the measures that would be introduced for the control of the phenomenon. Statistical data, recent as possible, have been also employed in order to reflect the historically development of the phenomenon, the expansion of which is continuous, a fact that had a decisive role in choosing the particular subject. The paper of Benbenishty and Astor has been presented in the context of the IV World Conference in regard to the violence in schools; the Conference took place in Lisbon, in 2008. The paper has been chosen as it includes a range of valuable information in regard to the specific phenomenon, as expanded worldwide. A series of incidents of school violence are presented; these incidents have taken place in countries with different cultures, including Japan, USA, Finland and Malaysia. The incorporation of the paper in the reference list of the specific study has been considered as necessary in order to highlight the aspects of violence in school, as a global